欢迎访问甘肃省省级重点课程即精品课程---大学英语网站。Section A Learning a Foreign Language
I. Selected words
1. reward 指某人因干了好事或有的事而得到“回报”，reward 不接双宾语：reward sb. for sth.因…奖赏某人；reward sb, with sth.(for sth.) (因…)用…酬劳某人。award指give sth. to sb. award sb. a medal (可以接双宾语) 。
The father rewarded the little boy for cleaning the room.小男孩因打扫了房间而受到父亲的奖励。
The school awarded Merry a prize (for her good work).学校（因为她工作好而）奖励了梅丽。
He was awarded a gold cup in acknowledgment of his creative achievements for the development of the company.公司奖给他一个金杯,以感谢他为公司发展所做出的创造性成就。
2. Opportunity n. a good moment or chance for doing sth. 机会，时机；它带有适逢其会、正好便利行事的意味。Chance强调其偶然性。
He loved music, but because his family was poor, he had no opportunity to take lessons. 他喜爱音乐，但因家里太穷，他没有机会去学。
The chances are a hundred to one against you.你只有百分之一成功的可能。
3. access (going into) get/gain/have (no) access to sth.
excess (going out )
The people in the school have access to that computer lab for free.
在这个学校里的人可以免费使用那间电脑室。
Profit is the excess of sales over costs.利润就是价格超出成本的部分。
4. commit 1).犯 commit suicide; commit a murder; commit a mistake; commit a crime; commit an error, etc. 2) 委托，交给 → commit. tee
commitment n
1). devotion to 信奉，献身
The online course would not have succeeded without the commitment of all the teachers. 没有所有教师全身心的投入，网络课程不会成功。
2). a promise to follow certain beliefs or action 承诺，许诺，保证
Come and look round our shop without commitment to buy anything. 请进来看看我们的商店，不一定要买东西。
5. benefit
benefit vt. 有益于
benefit from/by 从…中受益
Exercise benefits our health. 运动有益于我们的健康。
The plants benefited from the rain. 植物得益于这场雨。
The little boy benefited by his hard work.
6. worth
adj. [用作表语, 后接名词或动名词作宾语] 值, 相等于...的价值
What is it worth?(或How much is it worth?)这值多少钱?
It is worth￡500. 它值五百镑。
It's not worth the paper it's printed on.它(文章等)的价值抵不上用来印它的纸张。
The rarer it is, the more it is worth.物以稀为贵。
It's worth seeing [hearing, reading]值得一看[一听, 一读]
be worth notice [the trouble]值得注意[费点事]
It is worth while visiting [to visit] the place.这地方值得参观。
It is worth while to discuss [discussing] the problem.这个问题值得讨论一下。
He is worth a million.他是百万富翁。
n. 价值;值一定金额的数量
of great [little] worth价值很大[小]的
Give me two yuan's worth of eight-fen stamps. 给我二元钱八分邮票。
Worthful adj. 有极大功劳的; 有价值的
Worthless adj.
We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.[谚]井干方知水可贵。
II. Key Sentences Structures
1. With "not only" or "only" placed at the beginning of a sentence, the sentence order should be inverted (倒装) as you find it in the reading passage.
Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English. (Para.3)
Only in this way can you hope to finish the work at the end of this month.
Not only did we enjoy the film, but we also had a wonderful time.
2. 现在分词的否定式；即动词的-ing分词的否定形式作伴随状语。
Not seeing John, I asked where he was.
I eagerly answered all the questions, never worrying much about making mistakes.
III. Discuss the following questions.
1. What is the writer’s general experience with foreign language learning?
2. What is the writer’s 1st experience with foreign language learning in junior middle school?
3. What is the writer’s experience with foreign language learning in senior middle school?
4. What is the writer’s experience with foreign language learning at college?
5. What is the writer’s online experience with English learning?
IV. General idea.
In Passage A, the author presents the reader his own language learning experiences for different stages, from junior middle school to online learning, and for each different stage of learning he describes an effect that results from some causes. As a result, he found the computer course was just as difficult as classroom study but he did succeed in learning English. Besides, he gained many other things from it. It taught me the value of hard work and helped understand another culture.
Section B Keys to Successful Online Learning
V. Selected words
1. expand v.
1) (cause to) increase in size, number, degree or volume （使）扩大，（使）扩张，(使)扩展
We expanded our house when we had a second baby. 有了第二个小孩之后，我们把房子扩大了一点。
2). grow larger 膨胀
Wooden doors expand in hot, wet weather. 木门在潮热天气会膨胀。
2. 1 aware a.
having knowledge or understanding 意识到的，知道的
New babies are sometimes no, t aware of other people. 新生儿有时并不意识到他人的存在。
We were not aware of the rain until we went outside.直到我们走出门才意识到下雨了。
2.2 be aware of :having knowledge or understanding对... ...清楚
He was not aware of the mistake he had committed. 他并没有意识到他犯错了。
3. 1 reflect v. (reflection)
1). think quietly and deeply 深思，考虑，反省
You should reflect on this problem before you make a decision. 你得考虑一下这个问题再作决定。
2). show 反映, 体现
Her poor grades reflect her lack of interest in school. 她成绩很差，说明她在学校对读书没有兴趣。
3). turn, throw or bend back sth. from a surface 反射，显示
The sky and the brightly colored trees were reflected in the calm surface of the lake.平静的湖面上映出了天空和色彩艳丽的树木的倒影。
3.2 reflect on : think carefully深思，考虑，反省
After reflecting on it, I have decided to give up the job. 经过一番思考，我决定放弃那项工作。
4. instruct vt. (instruction, instructive ,instructor n. a teacher 教师；知道者)
1). give orders or directions to 指示，命令；通知
Mr. Smith instructed his men that they only got two days to finish all the work. 史密斯先生通知手下，他们只有两天时间来完成全部任务。
2). give knowledge or information to 教育，指导
Who is instructing your typing? 谁在教你打字？
5. arise vi.
1). come into being, appear, happen 产生；出现；发生
Birds also attack the crops when the opportunity arises. 一有机会鸟也会来吃庄稼。
2). (from) come from （由... ...）引起，（由... ...）产生，起源于
Mistakes often arise from misunderstandings. 错误常常源于误会。
3) get up from sitting or sleeping 起身，起床
He arose at 6:30 a.m. as usual. 像平时一样，他6点半起床。
6. 1 sequence n. (sequential a.)
1). 连续，一连串
a sequence of good news 一连串的好消息
2). 次序，顺序
having the names in alphabetical sequence 把名字按字母顺序排列
VI. Reading Skills: Context clues
1. Some sentences set off the definition for a difficult word by using punctuation.
2. Sometimes helping words, along with punctuation, provide important clues.
3. Some sentences tell the opposite of what a new words means. From its opposite, you can figure out the meaning of the word.
4. Sometimes you can use your own experiences to figure out the definition a word.
5. Sentences before or after a sentence that has a difficult word sometimes explain the meaning of the word.
6. Some sentences are written just to give the definitions of the difficult words - words that readers will need to know in order to understand what they are reading.
7. Because some sentences give examples for a new word, you can build a definition.
8. Some sentences use a word you do know to help explain a word you do not know.
9. Word part clues - stems（词干） and affixes（词缀） also help to find out word meaning.
Post-teaching note: